Melacak Jejak Kuasa dalam Janji Pelestarian: Analisis Komensurasi Karbon dan Akses terhadap Manfaat Proyek melalui Kerangka Risiko Green Grabbing pada Mangrove di Indonesia
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Carbon trading links the ecological functions of mangroves to conservation finance while raising questions about authority over coastal areas and the distribution of project benefits. This article examines how the recognition of mangrove carbon claims relates to users’ access to project benefits and the risk of green grabbing in Indonesia. It develops a document-based conceptual synthesis drawing on mangrove carbon valuation studies, regulations on ecosystem management and carbon trading, and scholarship on resource access, tenure, and appropriation in the name of environmental protection. The analysis brings together commensuration, access theory, and the relationship between claim recognition and authority. The findings show that carbon stock measurement, monetary valuation, and administrative recognition produce different types of claims and authority. Valuation indicates potential economic value, but does not determine who controls project decisions or receives revenue. Access to benefits is also shaped by tenure security, control over information and expertise, users’ influence over project mandates, and benefit-sharing rules. The article distinguishes user vulnerability from mechanisms that enable decision-making to become concentrated, and from appropriation that has already occurred. This distinction directs analysis toward traceable changes in access and control, rather than treating unequal capacity alone as evidence of dispossession. The article contributes a framework for examining the relationship between carbon recognition, management authority, and users’ ability to obtain benefits. The framework can be applied to assess project mandates, information transparency, cost and benefit allocation, and correction mechanisms in mangrove carbon projects.
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